Profit And Loss

Important facts
Cost Price : The price at which any article is purchased is called its cost price, abbreviated as C.P.
Selling Price : The price, at which an article is sold, is called its selling prices, abbreviated as S.P.
Profit : If Selling Price is greater than Cost Price then seller makes profit.
Profit = SP – CP
Loss : If Cost Price is greater than Selling Price then seller incurs loss.
Loss = CP – SP
- If an article is sold at a gain of 50%, than it means then S.P. = 150% of C.P.
- If an article is sold at a loss of 40% then S.P. = 60% of C.P.
Important Formulae
Gain Percentage (Gain %)
Loss Percentage (Loss %)
Selling Price (S.P.) in case of loss %
Selling Price (S.P.) in case of gain %
Cost Price (C.P.) in case of gain %
Cost Price (C.P.) in case of loss %
Quicker approach for tricky problems :
Rule 1: When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say x%, and the other at a loss of x% than theloss incurred by the seller is given by
Loss % =
Rule 2 : If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weights, then :
Gain % =
Rule 3 : If there are two successive profits of R1% and R2% then total profit % =
Rule 4 : If there is a profit of R1% and loss of R2% then total profit or loss % =
Rule 5 : If the cost price of P article is equal to selling price of Q article where P>Q, then profit % :
Rule 6 : If a person marks his article P% above it's cost price and gives customers a discount of Q% then net profit of loss % is :